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CCR-Bethel-2021.pdf2021 This report is designed to inform you about your drinking water quality. Our goal is to provide a safe and dependable supply of drink- ing water. We want you to understand the efforts we make to protect your water supply. The quality of your drinking water must meet state and federal require- ments administered by the Virginia Department of Health (VDH). The Montgomery County Public Service Authority (PSA) operates nine individual public water systems in the unincorpo- rated areas of the County. Combined, these systems consist of almost 100 miles of water mains, four wells, 16 water tanks, 22 pumps, 24 pressure reducing valves, five connections to the NRV Regional Water Authority, and two con- nections to the City of Radford, Approximately 25.5 million gallons of water are distributed by the PSA monthly. If you have questions about this report, please contact: on the second floor in the Montgomery County Government Center, 755 Roanoke Street in Christiansburg. Our goal is to provide a safe and dependable supply of drinking water. We want you to understand the efforts we make to protect your water supply. Don Todora PSA Operations Specialist (540) 381-1997 For additional information about any aspect of your drinking water or to learn how to participate in decisions that may affect the quality of your drinking water, please contact: Chuck Campbell PSA Director (540) 381-1997 PSA board meetings are held at 7:00 p.m. on the first Monday of each month in the multipurpose room # 2 Introduction This and other important information are available on the PSA website: MontVA.com/psa Consumer Confidence Report Bethel PWSID 1121045 Montgomery County Public Service Authority Water Systems THE MONTGOMERY COUNTY PUBLIC SERVICE AUTHORITY IS PLEASED TO REPORT THAT YOUR DRINKING WATER IS SAFE AND MEETS OR EXCEEDS ALL VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY STANDARDS ZERO SAMPLING VIOLATIONS IN 2021 ZERO REPORTING VIOLATIONS IN 2021 100% VDH & USEPA COMPLIANT IN2021 The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reser- voirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves natu- rally occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity. Contaminants that may be present in source water include: (i) microbial contaminants, such as virus- es and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agricultural livestock opera- tions, and wildlife; (ii) inorganic con- taminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally occurring or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming; (iii) pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban stormwater runoff, and resi- dential uses; (iv) organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are byproducts of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban storm water runoff, and septic sys- tems; (v) radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally occurring or be the result of oil and gas produc- tion and mining activities. In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations that limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. FDA regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water which must provide the same protection for public health. Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about contami- nants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environ- mental Protection Agency's Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426- 4791). Some people may be more vulnera- ble to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immu- no-compromised persons such as persons with cancer who are under- going chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other im- mune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/ CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other micro- bial contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800- 426-4791). General information Page 2 Consumer Confidence Report the physical, chemical and biological contaminants to make the water safe for drinking. The New River was determined to be of high susceptibil- ity to contamination using criteria developed by the State in its USEPA approved Source Water Assessment Program. The assessment report consists of maps showing the source water assessment area, an inventory of known land use activities of con- cern, and documentation of any known contamination within the last five years from the date of the assess- ment. Treatment plants are operated to minimize threats associated with potential contamination of these water sources. Treatment of the groundwater sources at the PSA's wells consist of the addition of chlorine to disinfect the water. Chlorine residuals and turbidities are checked on a daily basis at the wells and throughout all the individual distribution systems. Water storage tanks are checked at least two times weekly. Source water assessments have been completed for the PSA’s groundwa- ter supplied systems: Riner and Woodview. These wells have a high susceptibility to contamination due to migration of contaminants with land use activities of concern, poten- tial conduits to groundwater and/or potential sources of contamination in the assessment areas. There has been no known contamination of these sources within the last five years. Source water assessments are available to view upon written re- quest. The nine water systems operated by the Public Service Authority include both surface water and groundwater sources. Five are supplied by the NRV Regional Water Authority; Prices Fork/Merrimac, Belview, Jennelle Road, Christiansburg to Elliston and Mudpike Road. Two are supplied by the City of Radford: Plum Creek and Bethel. Two are supplied by wells operated by the PSA: Riner and Woodview. The New River is the surface water source supplying the systems connected to NRV Regional Water Authority and The City of Rad- ford. The raw water goes to either the NRV Regional Water Authority Treatment Plant orThe City of Rad- ford Water Treatment Plant. Treat- ment consists of chemical addition, coagulation, flocculation, settling, filtration and disinfection. All these processes work together to remove Sources and treatment of your drinking water Page 3 Contaminants in your drinking water are routinely monitored according to Federal and State regulations. The table on the following page shows the results of our monitoring for the period of January 1 to December 31, 2021 Any contaminants not listed in the table were not detected in your drinking water. PSA water is routinely monitored for up to 76 regulated, 48 unregulated, and many non-regulated contaminants. The Virginia De- partment of Health allows us to monitor for some contaminants less than once per year because the concentrations of these con tami- nants do not change frequently. Some of our data presented in the following table may be more than one year old. In the table and elsewhere in this report, you will find many terms and abbreviations with which you might not be familiar. The fol- lowing definitions are provided to help you better understand these terms. Quality on Tap ppm mg/l parts per million milligrams per liter One part per million corresponds to one minute in two years, or a single penny in $10,000.00. ppb µg/l parts per billion micrograms per liter One part per billion corresponds to one minute in 2,000 years, or a single penny in $10,000,000.00 MCLG Maximum Contaminant Level Goal the level of contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLG's allow for a margin of safety. MCL Maximum Contaminant Level the highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCL's are set as close to the MCLG's as feasible using the best available treatment technology. AL Action Level the concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow pCi/L Picocuries per liter a measure of the radioactivity in water N/A Not Applicable abbreviation used in the "range" section mrem/yr millirems per year a measure of radiation absorbed by the body MRDLG Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal the level of drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLG’s do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants. MRDL Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level the highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants. TT Treatment Technique a required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Unit a measure of the clarity of water. Turbidity in excess of 5 NTU is just noticeable to the average person. ND Non Detects Level 1 Assessment Level 2 Assessment Lab analysis indicates that the contaminant is not present or is below detection limit A study of water system to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why total coliform bacteria have been found. A very detailed study of the waterworks to identify potential problems and determine (if possible) why an E. coli PMCL violation has occurred and/or why total coliform bacteria have been found in our water system on multible occasions. Additional health information for lead If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lea d in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. The Montgomery Co unty Public Service Authority is responsible for providing high quality drinking water but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flush- ing your tap for 30 seconds to two minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in you r water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to mi nimize exposure is available from the Safe Water Drinking Hotline (800-426-4791) or at http;://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead. Drinking water levels The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sets MCL’s at very stringent levels. In developing these standards, USEPA assumes that the average adult drinks two liters of water each day throughout a 70-year lifespan. USEPA generally sets MCL’s at levels that will result in no adverse health affects for some contaminants or a one-in-one million change of having the described health effect for oth- er contaminants. Bethel 2021 water quality results of regulated contaminants In the distribution system Microbiological contaminants present CONTAMINANT LEVEL IN DATE OF TYPICAL SOURCE (units) MCLG MCL DETECTED RANGE COMPLIANCE SAMPLE OF CONTAMINANT TOTAL ORGANIC N/A TT, met 1.31 1.00 - 1.31 YES 2021 Naturally present in the CARBON when > 1 or environment. alternate criteria is met TURBIDITY (NTU) N/A TT, 1 NTU Max 0.173 0.053 to 0.173 YES 2021 Soil runoff max TT, < 0.3 (95% of the time) 100% Inorganic contaminants present CONTAMINANT LEVEL IN DATE OF TYPICAL SOURCE (units) MCLG MCL DETECTED RANGE COMPLIANCE SAMPLE OF CONTAMINATION NITRATE/NITRITE 10 10 0.78 N/A YES 2021 Runoff from fertilizer use, leaching (ppm) from septic tanks, sewage, erosion of natural deposits BARIUM (ppm) 2 2 0.021 N/A YES 2021 Discharge of drilling waste, Discharge from metal refineries, Erosion of natural deposits FLUORIDE 4 4 0.64 N/A YES 2021 Erosion of natural deposits, water additive which promotes strong teeth ALPHA EMITTERS 0 15 0.4 N/A YES 2021 Erosion of natural deposits. Volatile organic contaminants present CONTAMINANT LEVEL IN DATE OF TYPICAL SOURCE (units) MCLG MCL DETECTED RANGE COMPLIANCE SAMPLE OF CONTAMINATION CHLORINE (ppm) MRDLG=4 MRDLG=4 1.83 1.00 to 3.30 YES 2021 Water additive used to control microbes HALOACETIC ACID N/A 60 42 22 to 58 YES 2021 By-product of drinking water (ppb) disinfection TOTAL TRIHALO- N/A 80 33 15 to 61 YES 2021 By-product of drinking water METHANES (ppb) disinfection At the customer tap Inorganic contaminants present CONTAMINANT ACTION 90TH # SITES IN DATE OF TYPICAL SOURCE (units) MCLG LEVEL PERCENTILE EXCEEDING AL COMPLIANCE SAMPLE OF CONTAMINATION LEAD (ppb) 0 15 1.3 0 YES 2021 Corrosion of household plumbing COPPER (ppm) 1.3 1.3 0.0484 0 YES 2021 Corrosion of household plumbing VIOLATION INFORMATION There were no violations in 2021 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT CRYPTOSPORIDIUM MONITORING In 2018, the City of Radford monitored for Cryptosporidium in the source water (before treatment) as required by EPA ’s Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR). Cryptosporidium is a microscopic parasite found in surface water throughout The United States. Ingestion of Cryptosporidium may cause cryptosporidiosis, an abdominal infection. Alt- hough filtration removes Cryptosporidium, the most commonly-used filtration methods cannot guarantee 100 percent removal. Under the LT2ESWTR, the average Cryptosporidium concentration determines if additional treatment measures are needed. Twenty-four samples are required for analysis over a two-year period. During 2018, the average Cryptosporidium concentra- tion was 0.01 oocysts per liter for the 9 samples collected. Based on the Cryptosporidium monitoring results so far and the current performance of the treatment plant, we anticipate meeting the future treatment requirements of the LT2ESWTR. Monitoring Results for Sodium (Unregulated– No Limits Designated) Level detected (unit) Sample Date Typical Source Guidance 5.28 mg/L 2021 Naturally occurring; Addition of treatment chemicals/process. For individuals on a very low sodium diet (500mg/day), EPA recommends that drinking water sodium should not exceed 20mg/ L. Should you have any health concerns, contact your health care provider.